DETAILS AND SYSTEM REVIEW OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
WORKS
In this post we no about how actual civil engg. work in real
praject site
DETAILS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS HANDLED :
The activities of Civil Engineering Discipline in Coal India are of diverse nature and are broadly categorized below:
1.ENABLING WORKS :
Temporary approach road
Temporary hutments for office/ camp living
Temporary water supply arrangements
Erection platforms for HEMM
Temporary stores & workshops etc.
2.INFRASTRUCTURES:
Office buildings and rest house.
Pit head bath & cap lamp room
Incline mouth roofing & walling
Headgears & shaft sinking
Haulage rooms & fan houses
Haul roads & permanent approach roads
Regional/ Central stores
Regional/ Central workshops
Railway sidings & wharf walls
3.HEAVY INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES:
Coal handling plants including RLS
Coal preparation plants
Winder house
Check dams
Bridges
Underground transport system
4.TOWNSHIPS:
Residential buildings
Colony & approach roads
Water supply arrangements
Sewerage/ drainage systems
Plantations & landscaping
5.WATER SUPPLY:
Intake arrangements (intake wells, weirs etc.)
Treatment plants
Treated water storage & distribution
Overhead reservoirs
6.WELFARE BUILDINGS:
Worker' institute
Schools & colleges
Shopping centers
Post office & Banks
Hospitals & Dispensaries
Recreation Centers & Clubs
Canteens
Auditoriums & Stadiums
7.TOWNSHIP ENGINEERING :
Maintenance of residential & office buildings
Maintenance of welfare facilities
Maintenance of water supply arrangements
Maintenance of sewerage/ drainage systems
Maintenance of roads.
Maintenance of Industrial Buildings & Structures.
Organising festivals, sports meet, foundation stone laying ceremony etc.
8.In addition to the aforesaid main activities of Civil Engineering Department, the Civil
Engineering personnel have to undertake various day to day activities such as organising
festivals, sports, fairs, foundation laying ceremonies, community development works etc.
apart from day to day repairs and maintenance works of townships, water supply,
infrastructures, heavy industrial structures etc.
System Review of Civil Engineering Works :
All Civil Engineering schemes whether in CIL or elsewhere need decision making at different stages of planning and construction. Any fresh civil engineering project commonly designated as "Original works" must necessarily be built up through the following stages:
1. Preparation of a Draft Scheme & Preliminary Estimate
Before commencement of any work, a draft scheme is first prepared with brief outline of the work and the probable cost assessment of the scheme is made through a preliminary estimate. These are mostly prepared either on a "Prorata" basis based on similar works in the past or on "Thumb rule" basis. This exercise is carried out for budgeting purpose & appraisal
of competent authority.
2. Detailed Design and Planning
Once the technical sanction, financial concurrence and administrative approval for a work have been obtained the next step consists of preparation of detailed design and planning for the original works. Such a detailed design requires in-depth information of the site, details of functional requirements, subsoil report, loading etc. With the above information's one can proceed with preparation of detailed design and
drawings for the scheme. At this stage the designer has to work out in detail the final
configuration of the various elements, their sizes, specifications etc.
3. Preparation of Detailed Estimate
Once the designs and drawings are ready and the specifications for the various items of work have been selected, the detailed estimate for the works is prepared. The unit cost for the items of work is normally obtained from what we call the schedule of rates, which will be discussed in detail later.
4. Optimization of cost
For the purpose of cost optimization, often a number of alternative schemes, satisfying the basic functional requirements, have to be tried and the cost worked out to select the most cost effective solution for the given situation
5 .Preparation of Tender Documents & Notice Inviting Tender
For execution of the works tender documents are prepared and outside agencies are invited to submit their bids through tenders for which due notifications are to be made though
Notice Inviting Tender or NIT
6. Evaluation of Tender
Proposals from contractors are received against NIT and the comparative merits of the various bids are ascertained through proper evaluation done by a regularly constituted committee called the "Tender Committee".
7. Award of Works
Based on the recommendation of the Tender Committee and approval thereof by Competent Authority the work is awarded to the successful bidder for execution of the work as per the conditions laid down in the tender.
8. Monitoring of Progress
The progress of work is checked from time to time to ensure that the project is on schedule. Interim payment is made to the contractor against progress of work at site.
9. Inspection of Works
During the execution and also after the works have been completed the work should be jointly inspected at various stages with the contractor/ contractor's representative. After completion of the works details of the completion estimates and standard measurements are entered in the Asset Register of the department for future maintenance works.
10. Acceptance of Works
After the works have been completed as per the drawings and specifications, the contractor informs the company and hands over all the assets to the custody of the Company. The Company issues a completion certificate to the contractor after inspection. The above are the sequence of stages for fruitful completion of Civil Engineering projects particularly for original works. The various stages described above is summarized in a system flow sheet showing the linkage of the various stages which are described in the Chapters that follow.
DETAILS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS HANDLED :
The activities of Civil Engineering Discipline in Coal India are of diverse nature and are broadly categorized below:
1.ENABLING WORKS :
Temporary approach road
Temporary hutments for office/ camp living
Temporary water supply arrangements
Erection platforms for HEMM
Temporary stores & workshops etc.
2.INFRASTRUCTURES:
Office buildings and rest house.
Pit head bath & cap lamp room
Incline mouth roofing & walling
Headgears & shaft sinking
Haulage rooms & fan houses
Haul roads & permanent approach roads
Regional/ Central stores
Regional/ Central workshops
Railway sidings & wharf walls
3.HEAVY INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES:
Coal handling plants including RLS
Coal preparation plants
Winder house
Check dams
Bridges
Underground transport system
4.TOWNSHIPS:
Residential buildings
Colony & approach roads
Water supply arrangements
Sewerage/ drainage systems
Plantations & landscaping
5.WATER SUPPLY:
Intake arrangements (intake wells, weirs etc.)
Treatment plants
Treated water storage & distribution
Overhead reservoirs
6.WELFARE BUILDINGS:
Worker' institute
Schools & colleges
Shopping centers
Post office & Banks
Hospitals & Dispensaries
Recreation Centers & Clubs
Canteens
Auditoriums & Stadiums
7.TOWNSHIP ENGINEERING :
Maintenance of residential & office buildings
Maintenance of welfare facilities
Maintenance of water supply arrangements
Maintenance of sewerage/ drainage systems
Maintenance of roads.
Maintenance of Industrial Buildings & Structures.
Organising festivals, sports meet, foundation stone laying ceremony etc.
8.In addition to the aforesaid main activities of Civil Engineering Department, the Civil
Engineering personnel have to undertake various day to day activities such as organising
festivals, sports, fairs, foundation laying ceremonies, community development works etc.
apart from day to day repairs and maintenance works of townships, water supply,
infrastructures, heavy industrial structures etc.
System Review of Civil Engineering Works :
All Civil Engineering schemes whether in CIL or elsewhere need decision making at different stages of planning and construction. Any fresh civil engineering project commonly designated as "Original works" must necessarily be built up through the following stages:
1. Preparation of a Draft Scheme & Preliminary Estimate
Before commencement of any work, a draft scheme is first prepared with brief outline of the work and the probable cost assessment of the scheme is made through a preliminary estimate. These are mostly prepared either on a "Prorata" basis based on similar works in the past or on "Thumb rule" basis. This exercise is carried out for budgeting purpose & appraisal
of competent authority.
2. Detailed Design and Planning
Once the technical sanction, financial concurrence and administrative approval for a work have been obtained the next step consists of preparation of detailed design and planning for the original works. Such a detailed design requires in-depth information of the site, details of functional requirements, subsoil report, loading etc. With the above information's one can proceed with preparation of detailed design and
drawings for the scheme. At this stage the designer has to work out in detail the final
configuration of the various elements, their sizes, specifications etc.
3. Preparation of Detailed Estimate
Once the designs and drawings are ready and the specifications for the various items of work have been selected, the detailed estimate for the works is prepared. The unit cost for the items of work is normally obtained from what we call the schedule of rates, which will be discussed in detail later.
4. Optimization of cost
For the purpose of cost optimization, often a number of alternative schemes, satisfying the basic functional requirements, have to be tried and the cost worked out to select the most cost effective solution for the given situation
5 .Preparation of Tender Documents & Notice Inviting Tender
For execution of the works tender documents are prepared and outside agencies are invited to submit their bids through tenders for which due notifications are to be made though
Notice Inviting Tender or NIT
6. Evaluation of Tender
Proposals from contractors are received against NIT and the comparative merits of the various bids are ascertained through proper evaluation done by a regularly constituted committee called the "Tender Committee".
7. Award of Works
Based on the recommendation of the Tender Committee and approval thereof by Competent Authority the work is awarded to the successful bidder for execution of the work as per the conditions laid down in the tender.
8. Monitoring of Progress
The progress of work is checked from time to time to ensure that the project is on schedule. Interim payment is made to the contractor against progress of work at site.
9. Inspection of Works
During the execution and also after the works have been completed the work should be jointly inspected at various stages with the contractor/ contractor's representative. After completion of the works details of the completion estimates and standard measurements are entered in the Asset Register of the department for future maintenance works.
10. Acceptance of Works
After the works have been completed as per the drawings and specifications, the contractor informs the company and hands over all the assets to the custody of the Company. The Company issues a completion certificate to the contractor after inspection. The above are the sequence of stages for fruitful completion of Civil Engineering projects particularly for original works. The various stages described above is summarized in a system flow sheet showing the linkage of the various stages which are described in the Chapters that follow.
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